W-40.
W-40. WorldAutoSteel/UCSB Automotive Energy & GHG Model v5.1, Available at https://www.worldautosteel.org/life-cycle-thinking/automotive-ghg-model/
I-24
Citation I-24. “Greenhouse Gas Emissions Intensity- Primary Aluminium,” 2023, International Aluminium Institute, Available from https://international-aluminium.org/statistics/greenhouse-gas-emissions-intensity-primary-aluminium/
W-39
Citation W-39. WorldAutoSteel, (2013) “Steel Eliminates the Weight Gap with Aluminium for Car Bodies,” Available from https://www.worldautosteel.org/projects/future-steel-vehicle/steel-eliminates-the-weight-gap-with-aluminium-for-car-bodies/
U-13
U-14. “Lightweighting Materials FY 2009 Progress Report – Section G: Future Generation Passenger Compartment Phase 2 – Validation,” United States Department of Energy, page 50, https://www1.eere.energy.gov/vehiclesandfuels/pdfs/lm_09/5_automotive_metals-steel.pdf