Citation:
V-9. Verband Der Automotbilindustrie E.V. (VDA), VDA 239-500, “Sheet Steel for Hot Forming,” Draft material recommendation, 2019.
Ferrite-Bainite
Ferrite-Bainite (FB) steels are hot rolled steels typically found in applications
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Bend Testing
Tensile testing cannot be used to determine bendability, since these are different failure modes. Failure in bending
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Dual Phase
Dual Phase (DP) steels have a microstructure consisting of a ferritic matrix with martensitic islands as a hard
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Complex Phase
Complex Phase (CP) steels combine high strength with relatively high ductility. The
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Ferrite-Bainite
Ferrite-Bainite (FB) steels are hot rolled steels typically found in applications
8